There aren't many philosophically sound arguments for the existence of God. If there were, there'd be a lot more theists by now and a lot less of everything else.
However, Doug Benscoter, at Fides et Ratio, believes that the cosmological argument of the Unmoved Mover is not only sound, but is even consistent with modern physics.
His formulation of the argument is:
1. Evident to the senses is motion. (Premise)
2. Everything in motion has its motion sustained by another. (Premise)
3. Either an Unmoved Mover exists, or else there is an infinite regress of sustaining movers. (Implied by 1 and 2)
4. There cannot be an infinite regress of sustaining movers. (Premise)
5. Therefore, an Unmoved Mover exists. (From 3 and 4)
He then goes on to briefly address a few issues that may arise with the second premise and explains how objections can be resolved by rewording the premise. A full explanation can be found HERE.
The only other objection I could see being raised is to premise 4, only because it comes close to begging the question. If there cannot be an infinite regress, then there must be a First Cause. Why would we even bother with the other premises?
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